游泳中的搖滾：分析捷泳和蝶泳中的律動(節奏)
很多教練和泳士經常談論游泳時的律動，但是他們對律動能做的解釋卻非常有限。
這篇文章是根基於2007年所舉辦的運動生物力學國際座談會的演講。這是一篇敍述游泳時的律動如何被拿來描述、分析、量化的少數文章之一。
以蝶泳和捷泳的分析做為例子，這篇文章描述如何使用傅立葉分析法來量化律動，也從過去和現在的研究呈現出有代表性的結果。
結合律動力學和其動力資料分析可以提供一個洞見：在游泳時如何建構”良好的律動” 。重要的是，去使用律動的知識是可能的，並且發展它來改進游泳技巧和運動方式。
典型的狀況是這樣，好的泳者，律動波流經他的全身，包括手臂、肩膀、身體、大腿、小腿和腿板。這篇文章證實了：推進力並非產生於將平靜的水向後推動的論證。而推進力產生於推動平靜的水，是推進力如何產生的較早期的概念。
文章也提出捷泳時身體滾動可以接收到下肢打水時所產生的向量動能(角動量)，下肢打水產生轉距的力量傳導到身體，而手臂在其中也扮演了重要的角色。
律動波被描述為環繞身體縱軸的滾動運動。
在蝶泳方面，它是水平的滾動軸。他包括了肩膀、臀部、膝和腳踝。
有效的將身體的能量傳達到水中，端靠律動的身體波動。這就流體力學和有效能的推進力的結合。
Trainers and swimmers talk often about rhythm in swimming, but very rarely they can explain what they mean by this. The article we present here is based on lecture held at the International Symposium on Biomechanics in Sports 2007. This is one of the few articles that describes how rhythm in swimming may be described, analysed and quantified .
Using examples from analysis of butterfly and front crawl swimming, the article describes how rhythms may be quantified using Fourier analysis and presented ‘typical’ results from past and current research. In combination with kinematic and kinetic data analysis of rhythms can provide an insight into what constitutes ‘good rhythm’ in swimming. Importantly, there is potential to use knowledge of rhythms and their development to improve swimming technique and sports performance.Typically, in good swimmers, rhythmic waves are travelling through the body that involve the arms, shoulders, trunk, thighs and shanks, and the feet. The article's corroborates evidence that propulsion is not generated by pushing undisturbed water back, as proposed in earlier concepts about how propulsion is generated (more on propulsion: Propulsion through drag or lift?).
The article proposes that the body roll in front crawl swimming is initiated by the angular momentum created by the lower limbs while kicking, as the torque forces of the limbs are transferred to the trunk. The arm action also plays a role in this. The rhythmic waves are characterised by the rolling motions around the longitudinal axis of body segments.
In the butterfly stroke, there are horizontal rotational axes that include the shoulders, hips, knees and ankles.
The efficiency of the energy transmission from the body into the water depends on rhythmic body undulations that are both hydrodynamic and propulsion efficient (whole article as a PDF).
Trainers and swimmers talk often about rhythm in swimming, but very rarely they can explain what they mean by this. The article we present here is based on lecture held at the International Symposium on Biomechanics in Sports 2007. This is one of the few articles that describes how rhythm in swimming may be described, analysed and quantified .
Using examples from analysis of butterfly and front crawl swimming, the article describes how rhythms may be quantified using Fourier analysis and presented ‘typical’ results from past and current research. In combination with kinematic and kinetic data analysis of rhythms can provide an insight into what constitutes ‘good rhythm’ in swimming. Importantly, there is potential to use knowledge of rhythms and their development to improve swimming technique and sports performance.Typically, in good swimmers, rhythmic waves are travelling through the body that involve the arms, shoulders, trunk, thighs and shanks, and the feet. The article's corroborates evidence that propulsion is not generated by pushing undisturbed water back, as proposed in earlier concepts about how propulsion is generated (more on propulsion: Propulsion through drag or lift?).
The article proposes that the body roll in front crawl swimming is initiated by the angular momentum created by the lower limbs while kicking, as the torque forces of the limbs are transferred to the trunk. The arm action also plays a role in this. The rhythmic waves are characterised by the rolling motions around the longitudinal axis of body segments.
In the butterfly stroke, there are horizontal rotational axes that include the shoulders, hips, knees and ankles.
The efficiency of the energy transmission from the body into the water depends on rhythmic body undulations that are both hydrodynamic and propulsion efficient (whole article as a PDF).
1 則留言:
這是從歐洲游泳網站下載的, 個人英譯能力有限, 如果有大德者有更好的譯文, 請不吝指教.
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